Although reading print text is now an important way for the general population to access information, this has not always been the case. de-Arabicized." 1,033,057,000 or 93.5%. 23. 22,400,000 in USA (1990 census); 4. 12. Kannada script; similar to Telugu script. A well-written and intelligently skeptical examination of the history of reading and writing in the Western world. WA). Literacy rate 67% to 79%; Writing in lowland Mesoamerica was first put into practice by the Olmec and Zapotec civilizations in 900-400 BCE. 192,000 in Netherlands (1984 Time); speakers in Canada (1976 Govt. 46,278,000 in Turkey, 90% of the population (1987); 21,553,000 first language speakers (1986), 58.41% of the population of 52%. 60%. 22. Learn more about writing in this article. Literacy rate 71% to 79%. 7. Crystal presents a useful discussion of the "eye" vs. the "ear" in learning to read, and in the act of reading, and it seems clear that both must be involved. With the new theory and practice, there has been a lot of educational reform. HAUSA [24 million native speakers] Afro-Asiatic. UZBEK [17 million native speakers] Altaic. 1,370,000 in Nepal (1993); 25,000,000 in all countries. 15,682,000 in Australia (1987), 95% of Italy. 40,000 in Uzbekistan; Overall literacy rate 48% to 52%. 17,000,000 to 30,000,000 mother tongue speakers (over 140,000,000 second 135,000 in Australia; Although the earliest work of the Teachers College Reading and Writing Project focused on writing, grants from DeWitt Wallace Foundation, Seagram Foundation and Vivendi supported the research and the break-through pedagogical work necessary for the organization to begin, more than two decades ago, to support reading as well as writing. countries first language speakers The scope is very broad for a fairly short book; there is not a lot of depth offered despite a variety of incident and detail. Though there are obviously neurological problems that can interfere with many aspects of linguistic processing and speech production, it is clear that there is a fundamental distinction between human acquisition of language in the oral-aural mode, and in the written mode. Lyons works to better contextualize the use of common evidence like the ability of people to sign legal documents and the numbers of vernacular Bibles in circulation. Elements of an Effective Exam Essay — A 4-page document I developed that details a number of essential elements of writing an effective exam essay. Jamaica; 4,444, U.S. Virgin Islands (1970); These literary structures produced schematized errors in … 31,000,000 in all countries. Literacy rate 66% to 78%; 78.5% over 15 10,000 in Singapore (1987); 34,014,000 in all countries. Lyons works to better contextualize the use of common evidence like the ability of people to sign legal documents and the numbers of vernacular Bibles in circulation. alphabet. These civilizations used glyphic writing and bar-and-dot numerical notation systems for purposes related to royal iconography and calendar systems. 330 in Martinique; 5,000 in New Caledonia (1984); 76,000 in Laos (1993); 770 in 3200 BC, was first. RUSSIAN [158 million native speakers]. 30,000,000 to 45,000,000 in Pakistan (1981 census Literacy rate 26%. Australia; 66,897,000 in all countries. PANJABI [60] Indo-Aryan. POLISH [42 million native speakers] Indo-European.] Literacy rate 72% (1980 government report); 62% literate in Sarawak U.A.E. Bengali script. 22,000 in Mauritius (1993); 266,000,000 in all countries first language speakers. The first writing: Writing has its origins in the strip of fertile land stretching from the Nile up into the area often referred to as the Fertile Crescent. KANNADA [26] Dravidian. It seems to me that a history of writing concerning or related to western civilisation, is a little more important and interesting than the history of writing in say East Asia and Mesoamerica, hence only the two chapters concerning these regions are, a little less interesting. 958,000 in Kazakhstan; 61,151,000 (1995). Emeritus Professor of History & European Studies, A Mystery Maven's Favorite Whodunits, Thrillers, and Capers of 2020. 42,000,000 in South Korea (1986) - Literacy rate 92%; 37,000 in Saudi Arabia (1993); Indo-Iranian. FRENCH [72,000,000 speakers in all countries, mother tongue]. To see what your friends thought of this book, A History of Reading and Writing: In the Western World, A well-written and intelligently skeptical examination of the history of reading and writing in the Western world. The purpose of reading a historical monograph or an articleis to understand and remember key themes, supporting evidence offered, and the author’s interpretation. speakers). 250,000 in Hungary; GERMAN [98,000,000 native speakers in all countries]. Also in Fiji, United Kingdom, Bahrain, Qatar. The earliest written notations in China date back to the Shang Dynasty in 1200 BCE. 10,000,000 in Indonesia; Also spoken in Norway. Be the first to ask a question about A History of Reading and Writing. Taking Crystal's top 40 languages, in terms of population (Crystal, p. 289), we 465,000 in Benin (1993 Johnstone); 20,000,000 in all countries (1991 159,165 in Canada (1971 census); At that time, reading material was not specially written for children but consisted primarily of the Bible and some patriotic essays; the most influential early textbook was The New England Primer, published late 1680s. 35,000 in Germany; Roman alphabet. Literacy rate 98% to The purpose of reading a textbookis to develop a coherent overview of a particular topic. estimate); Republic of Poland. Overall Indian literacy rate: 36% - 52%. In fact, history is NOTa "collection of facts about the past." Qatar 516,000 (1995). Literacy rate 97% to 98%. 124,000,000 in all countries including second language speakers (1995 WA). Literacy rate 50% - 52%. educated PORTUGUESE [165 million native speakers] Indo-European. Palestinian West Bank and Gaza 1,800,000 or more (1995). WA)). related to Korean. 6,253 in USA (1970 census); Arabic script. 18. MALAYALAM [30] Dravidian. Literacy rate 99% to 100%. Spoken language is a natural, biological form of human communication. 38. 5,445,000 (1995); Literacy rate 22% to 60%. In other words, spoken human language seems to have been around from at least 30,000 - 50,000 years before writing was invented. 5. Writing is the physical manifestation of a spoken language. 20,000,000 in North Korea (1986) - Literacy rate 91% - 99%. 5,000 in Malawi (1993); 20,000,000 to 25,000,000 in Thailand, including 4,704,000 mother-tongue 89,569,500 in South America [Peru: 25,123,000 (1995). 6,000,000 in India (1984 Far Eastern Economic Review); 12. (Also in USA; Singapore; Nepal; New Zealand; Germany) 150,000 in Belgium; There were hominids with a human-like vocal tract as early as 200,000 B.C., but they probably did not have a sufficiently developed nervous system to control it until about 100,000 B.C. Over 80% cognate with Indonesian. There is -- all of these occurred some five or six thousand years before writing was invented. Lyons offers an enjoyable and broad look at how reading and the culture of books developed in Europe with a particular focus on Britain, France and Germany. Roman alphabet. 5,640,150 in Belgium (1990 WA); 100,000 in Africa; Choose an episode. ASSAMESE [15 million native speakers] Indo-Aryan. The relationship among reading, writing, and understanding is clear. WA). Total population 3,507,000 (1995). 66,318,000 in India (1994 IMA); In fact, literacy has a long history. The History of Writing The dating of the beginning of human language is not easy, but we have a clear picture of the... 2. 23,375,000 in India (1994 IMA); 17. Also in United Arab Emirates, El Salvador, Honduras, Finland, Iran, Iraq 27,567,000 total population (1993). ; 20,316,950 in all countries. Unfortunately, only one approach, the "sound" method, produces a capable reader. 7,181,000 or 47% of the population (1986) For example, he points out that since people learned to read before they learned to write (and many, especially women, never learned to write at all), using signatures as a sign of literacy ends up overestimating the number of people who could write and underestimates the number who could read. Literacy rate 76% to 90%. The Ethnologue 210,000,000 first language speakers in USA (1984 estimate). USA (1970 census); 3,000 in United Arab Emirates (1986); 30,000 in Singapore Southwest Asia, French Polynesia, other former colonies. State language of Assam. A well-written and intelligently skeptical examination of the history of reading and writing in the Western world. The "whole language" method, introduced to counter a mechanical approach to teaching children the basic letter-sound correspondences, has been adopted widely, but many children are still not learning to read under this approach. Literacy in the World Today In A History of Reading Alberto Manguel writes, "Among the books I haven't written - among the books I haven't read but would like to read - is The History of Reading. 200,000 in Czech Republic; "Perso-Arabic script is used, but not often written in Pakistan." information following the title line. 35. Completely regular phonetic languages like Latin and Spanish do not suffer from the meaning/sound divide. During the 19th century, reading and writing instruction was overhauled. China. Lucy has authored/co-authored Units of Study for Teaching Reading (a collection of 24 books fo… people that can control that form is diminishing. Indo-Aryan. The teacher would pronunce the words to the students and the students were required to memorize and recite readings. Telugu 896,000 in Russia; Through both approaches, students will gain a better understanding of material and a greater ability to demonstrate … Literacy – the ability to read and write – may be something that you take for granted. 81,174,760 in Mexico (literacy rate 87% to 88%) and Central America; Egypt. statistics); Myanmar (formerly Burma). Kaithi script. markowitsch.org. In colonial times, reading instruction was simple and straightforward: teach children the code and then let them read. 24. In this historical and evolutionary sense, then, spoken language has been prior to written language. Reading specialists who are building an understanding of the correspondence between the spoken and the written language into the teaching of reading are showing more promising results. Joseph Rice found that students had the best results in reading and spelling with phonics. 19,000 in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrghyzstan, and Tajikistan (1979 500,000 in Philippines (nearly all second language); Malayalam script. 62,000,000 or more in all 140,000 in United Kingdom (1979); (Overall literacy rate in Indonesia: 78% - 85%.) People think of reading as the introvert’s hobby: A quiet activity for a person who likes quiet, save for the voices in their head. MALAY [19] Austronesian. 128,380 in Greece (1976 WA); 19. Als sich im Jahr 870 die ersten Bewohner in Reading ansiedelten, war die Fortbewegung per Schiff bedeutend: In Reading fließt der kleinere Fluss Kennet in die Themse. 26. United Kingdom of Traditional KOREAN [66 million speakers] Language isolate. Jordan. is not clear as to human language capacities; most experts believe that the essential features of human language were in place at least by the time of Cro-Magnon (35,000 B.C.) Writing, and therefore reading, came as an aid and a necessity to early civilizations when food surpluses allowed specialization, and commerce developed to the extent that regulation was needed to avoid chaos. Would have appreciated a look beyond the three big nations or more detail on some periods. Students engaged in reading-to-learn will also be prepared to write well. Literacy 93% - 97%. Tamil script. Written language, ho… History consists of making arguments about what happened in the past on the basis of what people recorded (in written documents, cultural artifacts, or oral traditions) at the time. Also 57,592,000 (1995). 37. 39,365,000 (1995). They are written as though they are collections of information. Writing and Reading 1. 30% literate The number of languages listed for New Zealand is 4. 47,955 in Australia; Roman and Arabic scripts. Most people believe that history is a "collection of facts about the past." Han Chinese population: Ancient history is all the events we know about between the invention of writing and the start of the Middle Ages.Writing is one of the greatest inventions of the human species. Brazil. Zou and Ouéme provinces. Reading instruction was teacher directed. 23,815 in Canada (1971 census); Kingdom, and Mauritius. Western third of Java Island. 13,299 in Bangladesh (1961 census); I was particularly looking for information about how these readers obtained their books and found this lacking. BENGALI [162 million native speakers]. Roman 35,000 in Chile; The Ethnologue Name Index lists over 39,000 language names, dialect names, and alternate names. Faso. Welcome back. in Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, Haiti, French Guiana, Monaco, Austria, Africa, 12,000 in Hong Kong; Spoken language does not have to be taught; written language, by and large, does. United Kingdom (1984 estimate). It was invented after the Neolithic revolution in which people settled in small towns and started agriculture.Writing dates from about 3,300 BC, which is over 5000 years ago, in the Middle East. 1,100,000 in USA (1989); 55,000,000 first language speakers in 2. population. Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Yet even among the languages with the most Burmese 1,680 in Israel (1961); 18,154,926 in the Caribbean; 50,000 to 60,000 in Israel; Language Family Index organizes languages according to language families. 58,597,000 in India (1994 IMA) . In turn, students who are engaged in writing-to-learn will become more effective readers. 33. literacy rate. language users with varying levels of speaking and reading proficiency; 1993 systems used. 20,000 in Slovenia; It is true, too, that writing systems were based on spoken languages -- initially, in an attempt to capture meaning via graphic representation. in the following countries: United States of America. Refresh and try again. 59,000,000 in all countries (1995 WA). Total population 17,690,000 (1995). 400,000 in Argentina; There are no discussion topics on this book yet. The cuneiform script, created in Mesopotamia, present-day Iraq, ca. Literacy rate 65%, 78% males. This is conventionally understood not to matter. 100,000,000 native speakers in Bangladesh. This is reinforced through the use of textbooks used in teaching history. While this battle is often characterized as “Phonics” versus “Whole Word,” I think it's more accurate to describe the two methodologies as “Bottom- 60,470,000 - 55% literacy (1993) 135,000 in France (1984 Time); 3,888,000 (1991 govt. Introduction For more than a century, reading instruction has been involved in a high-stakes battle between supporters of two opposing methods for teaching a child to read. PERSIAN (FARSI) [22 million native speakers] report); in Fiji]. 396,000 in Singapore; ARABIC Semitic. Australia. By: Beth Antunez. All historical knowledge is mediated by the practice of reading. 1. Oriya script. markowitsch.org. more up to date, and where its numbers differ, they are included in the 30,000 in Denmark State language of Tamil Nadu. Welcome to the Teaching English Reading and Writing Video Training series! 51,000,000 first language speakers in France - Literacy rate 99% (1991 whole. 28,173,600 in Spain, 72.8% of the population (1986). True writing, in which the content of a linguistic … 39. This webpage focuses on the history of reading instruction in the English language. Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Qatar, Bahrain, Iraq, Oman (1993), USA, Austria, 20. Also in Niger, Cameroon, Togo, Benin, Chad, Sudan, Burkina 346,000 in Bangladesh (1993); Overall literacy rate: 24% -
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