Explain any three such devices developed by flowering plants. Answer 3. Why are angiosperm anthers called dithecous? Anthers and stigma lie close to each other to effect pollination. Disadvantage Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous. (ii)Cleistogamous Flowers do not open at all. Mechanisms that prevent self-pollination Structural. [Foreign 2009]. 26.Angiosperm flowers may be monoecious, cleistogamous or show self incompatibility. It prevents self-pollination and promotes cross-pollination One of these is not an examples of such outbreeding device. (i)Identify the figure. Ans.The characteristic features of angiospermic flowers: (i)Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to stigma of another flower of the same plant is called geitonogamy. Q.54. Make a list of any three outbreeding devices that flowering plants have developed and explain how they halp to encourage cross-pollination. (a)stigma, (b) embryo sac [Delhi 2008 C] Related to Circles, Introduction Explain. That is why it is called double fertilisation. fusion of two haploid polar nuclei with male gamete. It involves events mentioned below: Q.56. Junipers 2. (c ) Mention two advantages of inbreeding programme in cattle. CBSE Board Exam 2021 Application Date Extended for Private Students. Longitudinal Section (LS) of a post-pollinated pistil is given below: (i)Following compatible pollination, pollen grain germinates on the stigma to produce a pollen tube through a germ pore. Describe the characteristic features of each one of them and state. (b) Similarity to xenogamy Pollen grains are transferred from anther to the stigma of a different flowers, which shows genetic dissimilarity (as in xenogamy). Explain the correlation between linkage and recombination with respect to genes as studied by them. (ii) Yucca plant and moth cannot complete their life cycle without each other. know complete details related to the CBSE application form for the private candidates! (b) Explain inbreeding depression and how it can be overcome. Make a list of any three out breeding devices that flowering plants have developed and explain how they help to encourage cross-pollination. 2 16 Draw a longitudinal section of post pollinated pistil showing entry of pollen tube into a matureembro-sac. This process is called bagging. The continued self-pollination leads to chances of inbreeding depression. [Delhi 2014c] It is formed as a result of syngamy, i.e. 27. (ii) Draw a diagram of an angiospermic embryo sac where fertilisation is just completed. In some species, pollen release and stigma recepitivity are not synchronized. Make a list of outbreeding devices that flowering plants have developed and explain how they help to encourage cross-pollination. 9.In angiosperms, zygote is diploid while primary endosperm cell is triploid. West Bengal board decided to promote class 6 to 9 students without final exam. Continuous self-pollination results in inbreeding depression. Strategies to prevent self-pollination are: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2, Periodic Classification of Elements Class 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10. This is done by emasculation and bagging. The moth lays eggs in the locules of the ovary. During the development of seed, the zygote undergoes mitotic divisions to form a mature embryo while, the primary endosperm cell gives rise to nutritive tissue called endosperm, which provides nourishment to growing embryo. 20.Draw a Longitudinal Section (LS) of a post-pollinated pistil showing entry of pollen tube into a mature embryo sac. male gamete and egg, while another male gamete and two polar nuclei of central cell fuses to form triploid primary endosperm nucleus. Question From class 12 Chapter SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS -I, Paiye sabhi sawalon ka Video solution sirf photo khinch kar. of Parallelograms and Triangles, Introduction The pollens are non-sticky and can be easily dispersed by wind currents and so large, feathery stigma easily traps air borne pollen grain. (i)Receptivity of stigma and release of pollen grain is not synchronised, i.e. (iii) It helps in recombinations. (i) Draw a labelled diagram of LS of a flower to show the growth of pollen tube reaching egg apparatus. [Delhi 2008] (c)pollen tube (d) micropyle. (ii)The female flower reach the surface of water by the long stalk and pollen grains are released on to the surface of water, e.g. Ans.In Vallisneria,the male flowers are released on the water surface. [Delhi 2014 c] (any 3) Ans. JEE Main could be held 4 times a year from 2021 to reduce the student’s examination stress. (ii)Explain the events that occurs, upto fertilisation, when the compatible pollen grain lands on the stigma. Some of them are. Female gametangium of angiospermic plants is represented by: Make a list of any three outbreeding devices that flowering plants have developed and explain how they halp to encourage cross-pollination. Advantage Cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed-set even in the absence of pollinators. 8.Name the type of pollination as a result of which genetically different types of pollen grains of the same species land on the stigma. The central cell is now called primary endosperm cell. fusion of two haploid gametes (male gamete + egg). Make a list of any three outbreeding devices that flowering plants have developed and explain how they help to encourage cross-pollination? Not surprisingly, many species of plants have developed mechanisms that prevent self-pollination. or (vi)Non-essential whorls, calyx and corolla are much reduced or absent. (i)Insect pollinated flowers are generally large, colourful, fragrant and rich in nectar. (i) Mention any four strategies adopted by flowering plants to prevent self-pollination. So, there is no chance of cross-pollination.
1. The tube cell of pollen grain protrudes out through germ pores to form a pollen tube. Concept: Pre-fertilisation - Structures and Events - Pollination. (iii)The brightly coloured female flowers have long stalk to reach the surface. (ii)Name the initial cell from which this structure has developed. How are insect pollinated flowers different from them? water hyacinth and water lily. Ans.In fertilisation (in angiosperm), two types of fusion occur, i.e. (iii)Next mature stage 7.The following statements (i), (ii) and (iii) seem to describe the water pollinated submerged plants. Give an example of each type. to Euclids Geometry, Areas 1.Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma of a pistil. 4.Biotic agents of pollination are insects, animals, etc. (i)Autogamy is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma of the same flower. It can be either cross-pollination or self-pollination. (ii) One of the male gametes fuses with the egg to form a zygote. Ans.Emasculation in a bisexual flower is required to prevent contamination of the stigma with self pollen grains.Bagging is done to prevent contamination of the stigma of the emasculated flower with any other unwanted pollen grains. Differentiate between outbreeding and outcrossing. Make a list of any three outbreeding devices that flowering plants have developed and explain how they help to encourage cross-pollination. (ii)The pollen tube grows and reaches the ovary, enters the ovule through micropyle and then enters one of the synergids. (ii) Pollen-pistil interaction is mediated by interaction between chemical components secreted by pollen and those of pistil. To discourage this, flowering plants developed many devices. Primary endosperm nucleus (3n) is formed as a result of triple fusion, i.e. Question carries 1 marks; ... What do mean by pollination? Ans. (iv) Pollen grains are light and non-sticky. [Delhi 2010] Ans.The two end products of double fertilisation in angiosperms are diploid zygote and a triploid primary endosperm nucleus. For example, maize plants. (b)Anther and stigma are placed at different positions, so that the pollens cannot come in contact with the stigma of same flower. Give any one characteristic of pollen grains produced by such flowers. Appendix 2. (ii)Pistil of a flower does not accept pollen from any plant other than its own kind. Continuous inbreeding reduces fertility. Students who are in class 12th or preparing for any exam which is based on Class 12 Biology can refer NCERT Biology Book for their preparation. [Foreign 2009] (i)Light and non-sticky pollen grains. Explain any two devices by which autogamy is prevented in flowering plants. Find an answer to your question make a list of any three outbreeding devices that flowering plants have developed and explain how they help to encourage cross p… Ans.In wind pollinated flowers: 5.Mention the pollinating agent of an inflorescence of small dull coloured flowers with well exposed stamens and large feathery stigma. (a)Pollen-pistil interactions Once the compatible pollen grains fall on stigma which is receptive, it recognise and accepts the pollen with the aid of chemical components interacting with pollen. Get Answer to your question from 'Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants' by Meritnation Experts with ... Samuel Thomas. Explain. Outbreeding Devices: To avoid inbreeding depression and promote outbreeding, the plants have evolved certain devices/contrivances such as: 2. [Delhi 2009] It is basically the phenomenon of acceptance or rejection of pollen grains by the pistil (stigma), which is mediated by chemical components of pollen grain, interacting with that of pistil. and Differentiability. Solved Example for You. (iii)Draw the next mature stage and label the parts. of Derivatives, Application (i) Well exposed stamens for the pollen grains to be carried away easily. Flowering plants have developed many devices to discourage self-pollination and to encourage cross-pollination. Ans.Statement (iii) is incorrect. The flower in turn are pollinated by the moth. These flowers are invariably autogamous and promotes inbreeding depression as there is no chance for cross-pollination at all. 2.Wind (abiotic agent) pollinated flowers have: to Trigonometry, Complex Apne doubts clear karein ab Whatsapp (8 400 400 400) par (b)The part that develops into an embryo. List any four differences between wind pollinated and insect pollinated flowers. 4. (ii) Continued self-pollination results in inbreeding depression because majority of flowering plants produce hermaphrodite flowers and pollen grains generally come in contact with the stigma of same flower This is called triple fusion. [Ml India 2008 C] (a) Strategies adopted by flowering plants to prevent self-pollination: 1. asked Dec 7, 2018 in Biology by kajalk (77.6k points) cbse; class-12; 0 votes. Subject: Biology ... 64 2)128 3)7 4)127 Explain with details plzzz its urgent. (a)They offer nectar and (edible) pollen grains. [hots; Delhi 2010] Class-12CBSE Board - Outbreeding Devices and Pollen-Pistil Interaction - LearnNext offers animated video lessons with neatly explained examples, Study Material, FREE … In fertilisation (in angiosperm), two types of fusion occur, i.e. This process is called syngamy. [All India 2014] Explain. Flowering plants have evolved outbreeding devices because, Pinus/Cedrus differs from angiospermic plants in the absence of, In angiospermic plants, meiosis of megaspore mother cell generally produces, female gametophyte of angiospermic plants is represented by. [All India 2009] (ii) Explain the mutually rewarding relationship between Yucca plant and species of moth. [Ml India 2012] The flowers (male and female) are separate. Primary endosperm nucleus (3n) is formed as a result of triple fusion, i.e. Important Questions for Class 12 BiologyClass 12 BiologyNCERT Solutions Home Page, Filed Under: CBSE Tagged With: Biology Pollination, Class 12 Biology, RD Sharma Class 11 Solutions Free PDF Download, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Computer Science (Python), NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Computer Science (C++), NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Micro Economics, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Macro Economics, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Entrepreneurship, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Computer Science (Python), NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Entrepreneurship, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Indian Economic Development, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Sanchayan, NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Sparsh, NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz, NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Kritika, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Foundation of Information Technology, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Foundation of IT, PS Verma and VK Agarwal Biology Class 9 Solutions. (ii)Emasculated flowers are covered by a bag to prevent contamination of the stigma by unwanted pollens. Pollen is produced in huge quantities. It is functionally cross-pollination as it involves a pollinating agent but genetically similar to autogamy since, the pollen grains come from the same plant (genetically same parent). (i)Monoecious flower are unisexual,i.e.they have either the male reproductive or female reproductive part in separate flowers, both produced on same plant. (a)Pollen grain release and stigma receptivity are not synchronised, either the anther matures first or the stigma.
a. Water (abiotic agent) pollination occurs in mostly monocotyledons (in about 30 genera). Kauris Give two examples. [All India 2010 C] Ans . Ans.The pollinating agent in the described inflorescence with small dull coloured flowers having well exposed stamens and large stigma is wind. [Delhi 2014 C] Ans. (b)Safe place for insects to lay eggs by some flowers, e.g. (iii) In most of the water pollinated species, pollen grains are protected from wetting by mucilaginous covering. NCERT Book for Class 12 Biology Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants is available for reading or download on this page. Flowering plants have developed certain outbredding devices to discourage self-pollination and encourage cross-pollination. (iv) Since, there are two fusions (syngamy and triple fusion), inside an ovule during fertilisation, it is known as double fertilisation. Explain. Label the following parts Pines 6. Pollen-Pistil Interaction & Outbreeding Devices Pollination is the process, which plants depend on to transfer pollen grains from anther to stigma or pistil. 3.How do the pollen grains of Vallisneria protect themselves? Dichogamy:
(i) Maturation of anther (stamen) and stigma (carpel) at different times is called dichogamy. (v)Protandry (vi) Protogyny. Explain Three Outbreeding Devices Used by Plants to Prevent self-pollination. Join the 2 Crores+ Student community now! (ii) (a) Similarity to autogamy In autogamy, pollination is achieved within the same flower or plant (genetic similarity). 13.The flower of brinjal is referred to as chasmogamous, while that of beans is cleistogamous. Question 1. As in submerged plants, female flowers remain submerged, while pollen grains are long ribbon-like to reach passively to stigma inside water, so as to achieve pollination. Anthers and the stigma lie close to each other in a way that self-pollination occurs, i.e. (ii)Cleistogamous flowers are those flowers in which anthers and stigmas lie close to each other and do not open at all, even at maturity. Numbers and Quadratic Equations, Introduction (b)Some species provide safe place for laying eggs, e.g. Herkogamy: Flowers possess some mechanical barrier on their stigmatic surface to avoid self-pollination.. 2. 10.State one advantage and one disadvantage of cleistogamy. 1 answer. (iii)Self incompatible in angiospermic flowers is a genetic mechanism wherein the flowers prevent the self pollens from fertilising the ovules or inhibits their germination on stigma. Some of them are: Ans.Floral characteristics of a wind pollinated plant are: [Foreign 2011] Plants are dioecious and continued self-pollination may cause inbreeding depression. Ans.The phenomenon of double fertilisation occur in following steps: Describe any two devices in a flowering plant which prevent both autogamy and geitonogamy. Question carries 3 marks; Draw and label a diagram of an ovule. Describe each one with the help of an example. (i) Draw a longitudinal section of a pistil of an angiosperm showing the growth of pollen tube up to the micropyle of ovule. Darshanjot Kaur. Because of occurrence of these two types of fusions, it is called double fertilisation. Ans.The two devices to prevent autogamy in flowering plants are: (i) Geitonogamy is pollen from onethe condition in which flower are deposited on the stigma of another flower borne on the same plant. West Bengal: Class 6 to 9 Students to be Promoted, without Final Exam. 8.Double fertilisation occur after the pollen tube reaches the ovary. Redwoods 7. (iii)Draw a labelled diagram of globular embryonic stage of an angiosperm. Flowering plants have developed many devices to discourage self-pollination & encourage cross-pollination such as Bearing uni sexual flowers Uni sexuality. Pollinated pistil showing entry of pollen grains from anther to the stigma the air-borne pollen grains are and... 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Outbreeding devices of pollination as a result of triple fusion, in the embryo sac this... And numerous flowers packed into an inflorescence in Biology by kajalk ( 77.6k points ) cbse ; class-12 0! Four Strategies adopted by flowering plants have developed and explain how they help to encourage cross-pollination hairy and. Outbredding devices to discourage self-pollination and encourage cross-pollination states the annuals and biennial angiosperms have to pass during. Abiotic agent ) pollinated flowers filiform apparatus, chalazal end moth can not complete their cycle... Is functionally a cross-pollination but genetically similar to autogamy but functionally involves cross-pollination is! Developed by flowering plants have developed certain outbredding devices to discourage self-pollination and to cross-pollination. Education Minister Answers Students ’ Queries via live webinar session Queries via live webinar session are protected from (. List any four differences between wind pollinated and insect pollinated flowers have: i... Draw the next mature stage 24.State the significance of pollination a labelled diagram of an....
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