about gender differences in emotion. It is perhaps ironic that, although females are stereotypically more “emotional” than males, gender differences in private responses were not significant, and it was males who were sensitive to the expression of specific types of emotions in social environments. GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSES TO EMOTIONAL ADVERTISING: THE EFFECT OF THE PRESENCE OF OTHERS. My guess is, in taking a multivariate perspective of the emotional domain, researchers will find emotion differences between men and women are more moderate in size. We found that males experience the competition more positively than cooperation, that females do not have different emotional reactions to competition and cooperation, and that the males' probably experienced the competition as more positive than the females experienced either mode. Advances in Consumer Research Volume 30, 2003 Pages 15-17. Some studies have indicated that women have greater up-regulation of emotional responses to negative stimuli, which means that they often compound negative emotions [ 38 ]. We then consider the implications of gender differences in emotion regulation for understanding gender differences in emotional processing in general, and gender differences in affective disorders. Researchers distinguish three factors that predict the size of gender differences in emotional expressiveness: gender-specific norms, social role and situational constraints, and emotional intensity. Common beliefs regarding gender differences in emotion Robert J. Fisher, University of Western Ontario. Emotion-related traits are only a small part of that profile of sex differences, though. Second, women may use positive emotions in the service of reappraising negative emotions to a greater degree. American Journal of Men's Health, 10(4), 306-317. Laurette Dube, McGill University. How Gender Differences Affect Health. ABSTRACT - Noting the gap between popular expectations and empir-ical findings, we propose an account that revolves around gender differences in emotion regulation. Next, we review empirical fi ndings on gender dif-ferences in emotional responding. Participants watched a set of sixty emotional standardized slides divided into pleasant, neutral and unpleasant, while Startle reflex, Evoked Potentials, Heart Rate, facial EMG and Skin Conductance were recorded. The gender differences in emotional responses (particularly emotional expressivity) may be due to the gender differences in emotional regulation. with gender to shape emotional response, more studies are needed to examine whether gender differences in emotional response emerge across different ethnic groups. Gender differences in emotional processing and response have direct consequences on the physical and emotional health of men and women. Stereotypes are powerful, and men and women from various cultures have been shown to accept the western stereotype that women are more emotional than men. (2016). Specifically, women are believed to experience and express discrete emotions … Costa, P. T., Terracciano, A., & McCrae, R. R. (2001). The present study will address the question of whether there are gender differences in emotional stress responses measured across subjective, behavioral/bodily, and physiological (cardiovascular) domains in social drinkers when they are exposed to stressful, alcohol-cue, and neutral-relaxing conditions. Gender-atypical mental illness as male gender threat. The topic of gender and emotional expression seeks to identify the differences between women and men and the various ways in which they express their emotions. Gender differences in emotional responses have been investigated in two groups of students, 22 males and 21 females. Cognition and Emotion, 21, 162-181. Our study is the first to examine the gender differences in emotional responses to cooperation and competition. Gender differences in emotional response among European Americans and Hmong Americans. The present study investigated gender differences in both emotional experience and expressivity. The pattern and magnitude of these differences were similar for EA and HA, suggesting that to some degree, the effects of gender on emotional response may hold across ethnic groups.